Особливості створення ліній та гібридів соняшнику олеїнового типу

Syvenko V. I. Developmental peculiarities of sunflower lines and hybrids of oleic type. - A manuscript.

Thesis for a candidate's degree of Agriculture on speciality 06.01.05 - plant selection. - Plant Production Institute named after V. Ya. Yuryev UAAS, Kharkiv, 2007.

The thesis is devoted to the investigations on some peculiarities of sunflower line and hybrid development possessing an improved qualitative composition of oil and a complex of economic traits.

There are established some peculiarities in variation and inheritance of oleic acid content in sunflower lines and hybrids. It is shown that the content of oleic acid in oil varies within 10,18-96,03 % of total sum of acids. Sunflower lines are divided into 5 classes as to this index, their donor characters are investigated.

There are determined special features of high oleic lines' selection with the complex of economic traits. It is shown that a fatty-acid composition of oil is stabilized in the lines starting from the eighth generation of inbreeding. There is developed a new line material with higher content of oleic acid in oil (84,4-93,8 %), high donor characters and economic traits: X 516B, X 519B, X 521B, X 522B, X 526B, X 527B, X 528B, X 529B.

There is suggested a principal scheme for developing oleic lines and hybrids of sunflower. There is proved a possibility of developing single-cross interline and three-way cross hybrids with high content of oleic acid in oil at using a restorer of pollen fertility of an oleic type. At this point the content of oleic acid is reduced in the second generation but it is maintained on economic level (60-70 %). There is conducted a comparative assessment of the hybrids of oleic and linoleic types as for major economic traits and their ecological plasticity.

The concept of "a hybrid of oleic type" is determined. Through the use of the high oleic line-restorer of pollen fertility X 526B there are created such hybrids, as Enei, Ant, Dariy, Psyol. These hybrids entered the Plant Variety List of Ukraine, they are recommended for cultivation in the Steppe and Forest-Steppe zones of Ukraine and possess high yield indices (3,5-4,2 t/ha) and high oleic content (50-51 %).

Key words: selection sunflower, restorer-line, pollen fertility, inbreeding, oleic acid, oil, inheritance, ecological plasticity, economic traits, high oleic hybrids.

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